S2.1 Use
conventional techniques and those of their own design to make further observations
and refine their explanations, guided by a need for more information.
S2.2
Develop, present, and defend formal research proposals for testing their
own
explanations
of common phenomena, including ways of obtaining needed observations and
ways of conducting simple controlled experiments.
S2.3 Carry
out their research proposals, recording observations and measurements
(e.g.,
lab notes, audiotape, computer disk, videotape) to help assess the explanation.